In the given question, a statement of Assertion is followed by a statement of Reason. Mark the correct answer.

Assertion: In earlier times (c. sixth century BCE onwards), a system of Matriliny was followed in most of the ruling dynasties in India.
Reason: Many Kings of Satvahanas bore the name on the basis of metronymic.

The Assertion is incorrect but the Reason is correct.

The correct answer is Option 3 - The Assertion is incorrect but the Reason is correct.

Correct Assertion: In earlier times (c. sixth century BCE onwards), a system of PATRILINY was followed in most of the ruling dynasties in India.

Patriliny means tracing descent from father to son, grandson and so on.
Matriliny is the term used when descent is traced through the mother.

Ultimately, the conflict between the Kauravas and the Pandavas ended in a battle, in which the Pandavas emerged victorious. After that, patrilineal succession was proclaimed. While patriliny had existed prior to the composition of the epic, the central story of the Mahabharata reinforced the idea that it was valuable. Under patriliny, sons could claim the resources (including the throne in the case of kings) of their fathers when the latter died. Most ruling dynasties (c. sixth century BCE onwards) claimed to follow this system, although there were variations in practice: sometimes there were no sons, in some situations brothers succeeded one another, sometimes other kinsmen claimed the throne, and, in very exceptional circumstances, women such as Prabhavati Gupt exercised power.

Satavahana rulers were identified through metronymics (names derived from that of the mother) (Reason). Although this may suggest that mothers were important, we need to be cautious before we arrive at any conclusion. In the case of the Satavahanas we know that succession to the throne was generally patrilineal.