Practicing Success

Target Exam

CUET

Subject

History

Chapter

Ancient India: Kinship, Caste and Class

Question:

Match the following Buddhist texts in List 1 with the description associated with them in List 2:

List- 1

List- 2

(A) Majjhima Nikaya

(I) It identifies a Bodhisatta as a chandala

(B) Matanga Jataka

(II) A myth in it mentions the role of mahasammata

(C) Sutta Pitaka

(III) 3 in number, were written in Pali

(D) Tripitaka

(IV) It shows the Buddhist attitude towards varna

Options:

(A)- IV, (B)- I, (C)- II, (D)- III

(A)- III, (B)- I, (C)- II, (D)- IV

(A)- II, (B)- III, (C)- I, (D)- IV

(A)- IV, (B)- III, (C)- I, (D)- II

Correct Answer:

(A)- IV, (B)- I, (C)- II, (D)- III

Explanation:

In Majjhima Nikaya, through a dialogue between a King and a disciple of Buddha, the Buddhist attitude towards varna is shown.

Matanga Jataka, a Pali text, where the Bodhisatta (the Buddha in a previous birth) is identified as a chandala.

The Buddhists presented an alternative perspective on social inequalities and mechanisms to manage social conflict, as depicted in a myth found in the Sutta Pitaka. According to this narrative, in the beginning, humans and plants did not have fully developed forms, and all beings lived harmoniously, only taking from nature what they needed for their meals. However, over time, there was a gradual decline in this idyllic state as humans became increasingly greedy, vindictive, and deceitful. In response to this deteriorating situation, they pondered the idea of appointing a certain being to act as a mediator and enforcer of righteous actions. This chosen individual, known as "mahasammata," would express wrath when justified, criticize what deserved censure, and banish those who deserved punishment. In return for these services, the people would offer a portion of their rice.

The Early Buddhist texts, including the Tripitaka, were composed around c. 200 BCE - 200 CE in the language Pali. The Tripitakas are Vinaya Pitaka, Sutta Pitaka and Abhidhamma Pitaka.