Target Exam

CUET

Subject

Chemistry

Chapter

Physical: Chemical Kinetics

Question:

Consider the following statements for the order of a reaction and choose the correct statements.

(A). The order of a reaction is an experimental quantity.
(B). Order can be zero.
(C). Order can be fractional value.
(D). Order is applicable to elementary as well as complex reactions.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Options:

(A), (B) and (D) only

(A), (B) and (C) only

(A), (B), (C) and (D)

(B), (C) and (D) only

Correct Answer:

(A), (B), (C) and (D)

Explanation:

The correct answer is Option (3) → (A), (B), (C) and (D)

  • (A). The order of a reaction is an experimental quantity: Unlike molecularity, which can be determined by looking at a balanced chemical equation for an elementary step, the order of a reaction can only be determined through experimental data.

  • (B). Order can be zero: A zero-order reaction occurs when the rate of the reaction is independent of the concentration of the reactants. You can see this in the half-life formula $t_{0.5} = \frac{[R]_0}{2k}$, where the rate constant $k$ is independent of concentration.

  • (C). Order can be fractional value: While molecularity must be a whole number, the reaction order (derived experimentally) can be a fraction (e.g., $1.5$ or $0.5$) depending on the complex mechanism of the reaction.

  • (D). Order is applicable to elementary as well as complex reactions: Molecularity is only meaningful for elementary (single-step) reactions. However, "order" is a term used to describe the overall rate law for both simple single-step reactions and complex multi-step reactions.