Read the passage and answer the following question.

The Right to Vote

Universal adult franchise, or the right of every adult to vote, is one of the foremost rights guaranteed by the Indian Constitution. It means that we cannot be governed by anyone other that the people we have ourselves elected to represent us. This right is a radical departure from the days of colonial rule when ordinary people were forced to submit to the authority of colonial officers who represented the interests of the British Crown. However, even in Britain, not everyone was allowed to vote. Voting rights were limited to property-owning men. Chartism was a social movement for parliamentary representation in England. In 1839, more than 1.25 million people signed the People's Charter asking for universal male suffrage, voting by ballot, and the right to stand for elections without owning property. In 1842, the movement managed to collect 3.25 million signatures, a huge number for a tiny country. Yet, it was only after World War I, in 1918 that all men over 21, married women, women owning houses, and women university graduates over the age of 30, got the right to vote. When the suffragettes (women activists) took up the cause of all adult women's right to vote, they were bitterly opposed and their movement violently crushed.

Choose the incorrect characteristic of a Social Movement.

Spontaneous and Isolated

The correct answer is Option (3) - Spontaneous and Isolated

Social movements are organized, collective efforts by individuals or groups to bring about social change or resist social change. They are characterized by several key features:

1. Sustained Collective Action: Social movements involve ongoing and coordinated efforts by a group of people over a period of time. These actions can take various forms, such as protests, rallies, boycotts, or advocacy campaigns.

2. Shared Objective and Ideologies: Social movements typically have a clear goal or set of objectives that unite participants. These goals often stem from shared beliefs, values, or ideologies, whether they are political, social, economic, or cultural in nature.

3. Distinct Modes of Protest: Social movements employ a variety of tactics and strategies to advance their objectives. These can include peaceful demonstrations, civil disobedience, legal advocacy, lobbying, or even violent resistance, depending on the movement's goals and the prevailing circumstances.

The incorrect characteristic mentioned in the options is "Spontaneous and Isolated." Social movements are not typically spontaneous or isolated occurrences. Instead, they are usually the result of deliberate organizing efforts by individuals or groups who come together around shared grievances, goals, or ideologies. Additionally, social movements involve collective action and coordination among participants, rather than isolated or individual actions.