Match List-I (situations) with List-II (sources of prejudice):
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| (A) The majority community of a town blames a small migrant group for rising unemployment and housing shortages. | (I) Self-fulfilling prophecy |
| (B) Children of a group often called 'weak in studies' stop trying in class, and their low marks are then quoted as proof of the label. | (II) Scapegoating |
| (C) Rohan says, 'So many people cannot be wrong about them,' and points to two cases he has seen himself. | (III) Kernel of truth concept |
| (D) Fans who are deeply proud of their own cricket club look down on the supporters of every rival club. | (IV) Strong social identity and ingroup bias |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
| List-I | List-II | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| (A) The majority community of a town blames a small migrant group for rising unemployment and housing shortages. | (II) Scapegoating | The majority puts the blame for its own economic problems on a small, weak group. Blaming a minority outgroup in this way is scapegoating. |
| (B) Children of a group often called 'weak in studies' stop trying in class, and their low marks are then quoted as proof of the label. | (I) Self-fulfilling prophecy | The labelled group acts in a way that confirms the label, and so keeps the prejudice alive. The target group itself continuing the prejudice is a self-fulfilling prophecy. |
| (C) Rohan says, 'So many people cannot be wrong about them,' and points to two cases he has seen himself. | (III) Kernel of truth concept | Rohan holds on to the stereotype because he thinks what everyone says must be partly true, and a few cases are enough for him. This is the kernel of truth idea. |
| (D) Fans who are deeply proud of their own cricket club look down on the supporters of every rival club. | (IV) Strong social identity and ingroup bias | The fans boost their very positive attitude to their own club by holding negative attitudes to rival clubs. This comes from a strong social identity and ingroup bias. |
NCERT (2026-27): “PREJUDICE AND DISCRIMINATION … “• Scapegoating : This is a phenomenon by which the majority group places the blame on a minority outgroup for its own social, economic or political problems. The minority is too weak or too small in number to defend itself against such accusations. Scapegoating is a groupbased way of expressing frustration, and it often results in negative attitudes or prejudice against the weaker group.” “• Kernel of truth concept : Sometimes people may continue to hold stereotypes because they think that, after all, there must be some truth, or ‘kernel of truth’ in what everyone says about the other group. Even a few examples are sufficient to support the ‘kernel of truth’ idea.” “• Self-fulfilling prophecy : In some cases, the group that is the target of prejudice is itself responsible for continuing the prejudice. The target group may behave in ways that justify the prejudice, that is, confirm the negative expectations. For example, if the target group is described as ‘dependent’ and therefore unable to make progress, the members of this target group may actually behave in a way that proves this description to be true. In this way, they strengthen the existing prejudice.” |