Formal organization can be better understood by studying its features…

Formal organization can be better understood by studying its features. The following is not a feature of a formal organization:

Answer & explanation

Correct answer: option 2

The correct answer is Option (2) → Independent channels of communication without specified direction of flow of information are developed by group members.

Option (1) It specifies the relationships among various job positions and the nature of their interrelationship. — A feature of formal organisation (Incorrect). It lays down who reports to whom and how each job is linked to the others.
Option (2) Independent channels of communication without specified direction of flow of information are developed by group members. — Not a feature of formal organisation (Correct). This is a feature of the informal organisation. In a formal organisation, communication follows the fixed chain of command. In an informal group, members create their own channels, and news can travel in any direction.
Option (3) It is deliberately designed by the top management to facilitate the smooth functioning of the organisation. — A feature of formal organisation (Incorrect). It is created on purpose by management. The informal organisation, by contrast, arises by itself.
Option (4) It is a means to achieve the objectives specified in the plans, as it lays down rules and procedures essential for their achievement. — A feature of formal organisation (Incorrect). Its rules and procedures exist to carry out the plans of the organisation.

NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Formal and Informal Organisation … The structure in a formal organisation can be functional or divisional. The formal organisation can be better understood by a study of its features which are as follows:
(a) It specifies the relationships among various job positions and the nature of their interrelationship. This clarifies who has to report to whom.
(b) It is a means to achieve the objectives specified in the plans, as it lays down rules and procedures essential for their achievement.
(c) Efforts of various departments are coordinated, interlinked and integrated through the formal organisation.
(d) It is deliberately designed by the top management to facilitate the smooth functioning of the organisation.”

“Informal Organisation … Informal organisation can be better understood with the help of the following features:
(a) An informal organisation originates from within the formal organisation as a result of personal interaction among employees.
(b) The standards of behaviour evolve from group norms rather than officially laid down rules and regulations.
(c) Independent channels of communication without specified direction of flow of information are developed by group members.”

Formal organization can be better understood by studying its features. The following is not a feature of a formal organization:

Answer & explanation

Correct answer: option 2

The correct answer is Option (2) → Independent channels of communication without specified direction of flow of information are developed by group members.

Option (1) It specifies the relationships among various job positions and the nature of their interrelationship. — A feature of formal organisation (Incorrect). It lays down who reports to whom and how each job is linked to the others.
Option (2) Independent channels of communication without specified direction of flow of information are developed by group members. — Not a feature of formal organisation (Correct). This is a feature of the informal organisation. In a formal organisation, communication follows the fixed chain of command. In an informal group, members create their own channels, and news can travel in any direction.
Option (3) It is deliberately designed by the top management to facilitate the smooth functioning of the organisation. — A feature of formal organisation (Incorrect). It is created on purpose by management. The informal organisation, by contrast, arises by itself.
Option (4) It is a means to achieve the objectives specified in the plans, as it lays down rules and procedures essential for their achievement. — A feature of formal organisation (Incorrect). Its rules and procedures exist to carry out the plans of the organisation.