Assisted reproductive technologies may involve in vitro or in vivo fertilization. The techniques which involve in vivo fertilization are:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → GIFT and AI
In in vivo fertilisation the sperm and the ovum meet inside the female body. In in vitro fertilisation they are joined outside the body, in a laboratory.
(1) GIFT and ZIFT — Incorrect. In ZIFT (zygote intra fallopian transfer) the zygote is formed in the laboratory and only then placed in the fallopian tube. So ZIFT is in vitro.
(2) GIFT and ICSI — Incorrect. In ICSI (intra cytoplasmic sperm injection) a sperm is injected into the ovum in the laboratory, so it is in vitro.
(3) ZIFT and ICSI — Incorrect. Both form the embryo in the laboratory.
(4) GIFT and AI — Correct. In GIFT (gamete intra fallopian transfer) an ovum from a donor is placed in the fallopian tube, and fertilisation takes place there. In AI (artificial insemination) semen is placed in the vagina or uterus, and fertilisation again takes place inside the body.
NCERT Extract:
Infertility – …
