Assertion: The cavity of the cervix is called cervical canal which along with vagina forms the birth canal .

Reasoning:: Both insemination and fusion of gametes occur in the vagina of female.

Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is not correct.

The correct answer is Option (3) – Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is not correct.

Assertion (A):

This statement is true. The cervical canal is indeed the cavity of the cervix, and together with the vagina, it forms the birth canal through which the baby passes during childbirth.

Reason (R):

This statement is incorrect. Insemination (the deposition of sperm into the female reproductive tract) occurs in the vagina. However, the fusion of gametes (fertilization) does not occur in the vagina; it occurs in the ampullary region of fallopian tube (oviduct).

So, The assertion is true, but the reason is not correct.