The correct answer is Option (4) - Both 2 and 3
Homologous organs : The organs which have the anatomically same structure but are different in functions are called homologous organs.
- The thorn of the Bougainvillea plant and a tendril of the cucurbita plant are considered homologous organs. They arise from the axillary buds they perform different types of functions. The thorn is for providing protection against the grazing animals. The tendrils help in providing support while climbing. They are anatomically similar. But the functions are different.
- Thorns on Bougainvillea and tendrils on Cucurbita exemplify homologous organs. They show divergent evolution. Both arise from axillary buds, indicating a common origin. However, they serve distinct functions; Bougainvillea thorns provide protection against grazing animals, while Cucurbita tendrils offer support for climbing.