The correct answer is Option (2) - Have different functions.
Homologous organs are adapted to perform different functions and have different appearance but share common basic structural plan and origin. Homologous organs exhibit divergent evolution i.e., evolution of organisms in different directions from a common ancestry.
- The thorn of the Bougainvillea plant and a tendril of the cucurbita plant are considered homologous organs. They arise from the axillary buds they perform different types of functions. The thorn is for providing protection against the grazing animals. The tendrils help in providing support while climbing. They are anatomically similar. But the functions are different.
- Thorns on Bougainvillea and tendrils on Cucurbita exemplify homologous organs. They show divergent evolution. Both arise from axillary buds, indicating a common origin. However, they serve distinct functions; Bougainvillea thorns provide protection against grazing animals, while Cucurbita tendrils offer support for climbing.
