In which year did the Parliament of India enact the Biological Diversity Act to achieve the objectives of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → 2002
India signed the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 and became a party to it in 1994. To carry out the Convention’s three aims — conservation of biodiversity, sustainable use of its parts, and fair sharing of the benefits from the use of genetic resources — Parliament passed the Biological Diversity Act in 2002.
The Act set up a three-tier structure: the National Biodiversity Authority at Chennai (2003), State Biodiversity Boards, and Biodiversity Management Committees at the local level. It was amended in 2023.