Assertion : Microbes especially yeasts have been used for the production of beverages like wine, beer, whisky, brandy or rum.
Reason : The  yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used for bread-making and commonly called brewer’s yeast.

The A and R both are true but R is not the correct explanation of A .

The correct answer is Option (3)- The A and R both are true but R is not correct explanation of A .

Microbes, particularly yeasts, have played a significant role in the production of various beverages for centuries. Yeasts, especially the species Saccharomyces cerevisiae, have been used extensively in the fermentation process to produce alcoholic beverages such as wine, beer, whisky, brandy, and rum.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae, commonly known as brewer's yeast, is the same yeast used for bread-making. The dough, which is used for making bread, is fermented using baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).
It is a versatile microorganism that can efficiently convert sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide through the process of fermentation. In the context of beverage production, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is responsible for converting the sugars present in malted cereals (such as barley in beer production) or fruit juices (such as grape juice in wine production) into ethanol.

The use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in beverage production has a long history and continues to be a fundamental aspect of the brewing and distilling industries. The specific strains of yeast, along with variations in the fermentation process, contribute to the diversity of flavors, aromas, and alcoholic strengths found in different types of beverages.