If $|\vec a| = 1,|\vec b|= 2, |2\vec a +\vec b| = 2\sqrt{3}$ then $|\vec a-\vec b|$ is:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → $\sqrt{3}$
Given:
$|\vec{a}| = 1$,
$|\vec{b}| = 2$,
$|2\vec{a} + \vec{b}| = 2\sqrt{3}$
Find $|\vec{a} - \vec{b}|$.
Use the formula for magnitude squared:
$|2\vec{a} + \vec{b}|^2 = (2\vec{a} + \vec{b}) \cdot (2\vec{a} + \vec{b}) = 4|\vec{a}|^2 + 4 \vec{a} \cdot \vec{b} + |\vec{b}|^2$
Given $|2\vec{a} + \vec{b}| = 2\sqrt{3}$, so:
$(2\sqrt{3})^2 = 4 \times 1^2 + 4 \vec{a} \cdot \vec{b} + 2^2$
$4 \times 3 = 4 + 4 \vec{a} \cdot \vec{b} + 4$
$12 = 8 + 4 \vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}$
$4 \vec{a} \cdot \vec{b} = 12 - 8 = 4$
$\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b} = 1$
Now find $|\vec{a} - \vec{b}|^2$:
$|\vec{a} - \vec{b}|^2 = (\vec{a} - \vec{b}) \cdot (\vec{a} - \vec{b}) = |\vec{a}|^2 - 2 \vec{a} \cdot \vec{b} + |\vec{b}|^2$
$= 1 - 2 \times 1 + 4 = 1 - 2 + 4 = 3$
Therefore:
$|\vec{a} - \vec{b}| = \sqrt{3}$