Statements.
I. Some cars are black
II. Some Lions are cars
Conclusion
I. Some blacks are Lions
II. No black is Lion
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Either I or II follows
Neither conclusion follows on its own. Both statements link black things and lions only through cars, so they stay true whether some black things are lions or none are, as the two cases below show.
The two conclusions, however, form a complementary pair: they speak of the same two groups, one says ‘some are’ and the other ‘none is’, so one of them must be true. Such a pair gives either I or II follows.
Tip: When neither conclusion follows but the two are a ‘some’ and a ‘no’ statement about the same subject and predicate, the answer is ‘either I or II’, not ‘none follows’.