Match List I with List II
| List I | List II |
| A.Tendrils on Cucurbita and thorns on Bougainvillea | I. Convergent evolution |
| B. Sweet potato and potato | II. Adaptive radiation |
| C. Evening prime rose | III. Divergent evolution |
| D. Darwin finches | IV. Mutation |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1)- A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
| List I | List II |
| A.Tendrils on Cucurbita and thorns on Bougainvillea | III. Divergent evolution |
| B. Sweet potato and potato | I. Convergent evolution |
| C. Evening prime rose | IV. Mutation |
| D. Darwin finches | II. Adaptive radiation |
A. Thorns on Bougainvillea and tendrils on Cucurbita exemplify homologous organs. They show divergent evolution. Both arise from axillary buds, indicating a common origin. However, they serve distinct functions; Bougainvillea thorns provide protection against grazing animals, while Cucurbita tendrils offer support for climbing.
B. Sweet potato (root modification) and potato (stem modification) is an example of analogy.They are not anatomically similar structures though they perform similar functions. Hence, analogous structures are a result of convergent evolution.
C. Hugo deVries brought forth the idea of mutations. He used evening primrose as a sample to study mutations.
D. The process of evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from a point and literally radiating to other areas of geography (habitats) is called adaptive radiation. Darwin’s finches represent one of the best examples of this phenomenon.