Assertion: Cleistogamous flowers produce assured seed set in the absence of pollinators.
Reason: Cleistogamous flowers do not open at all.

Both Assertion (A) and reason (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

The correct answer is Option (1)- Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:

 Assertion: "Cleistogamous flowers produce assured seed set in the absence of pollinators." – Correct

• Cleistogamous flowers are self-pollinating because they do not open and ensure pollination within the same flower.
• Since they do not require external pollinators, they provide assured seed set, even when pollinators are absent.

 Reason: "Cleistogamous flowers do not open at all." – Correct

• Cleistogamous flowers remain closed throughout their life cycle, preventing cross-pollination and ensuring self-pollination.

Since the Reason correctly explains the Assertion, the correct answer is:

Final Answer:

 Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A.