Match List-I with List-II:
| List-I | List-II | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (A) | Planning involves decision making | (I) | Setting targets and predicting future conditions help the manager to take rational decisions. |
| (B) | Planning facilitates decision making | (II) | The plan that is the most feasible, profitable and with least negative consequences is adopted. |
| (C) | Evaluating alternative courses | (III) | The need for planning arises only when alternatives are available. |
| (D) | Selecting an alternative | (IV) | The positive and negative aspects of each proposal are weighed in the light of the objective. |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II)
| List-I | List-II | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| (A) Planning involves decision making | (III) The need for planning arises only when alternatives are available. | Planning is a choice among alternatives. With no alternatives, there is nothing to decide. |
| (B) Planning facilitates decision making | (I) Setting targets and predicting future conditions help the manager to take rational decisions. | Targets and forecasts give the manager a sound base for choosing. |
| (C) Evaluating alternative courses | (IV) The positive and negative aspects of each proposal are weighed in the light of the objective. | This step weighs the pros and cons of each course against the objective. |
| (D) Selecting an alternative | (II) The plan that is the most feasible, profitable and with least negative consequences is adopted. | This step adopts the best plan, the real point of decision making. |
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “(v) Planning facilitates decision making: Planning helps the manager to look into the future and make a choice from amongst various alternative courses of action. The manager has to evaluate each alternative and select the most viable proposition. Planning involves setting targets and predicting future conditions, thus helping in taking rational decisions.” “(vi) Planning involves decision making: Planning essentially involves choice from among various alternatives and activities. If there is only one possible goal or a possible course of action, there is no need for planning because there is no choice. The need for planning arises only when alternatives are available.” “(iv) Evaluating alternative courses: The next step is to weigh the pros and cons of each alternative. Each course will have many variables which have to be weighed against each other. The positive and negative aspects of each proposal need to be evaluated in the light of the objective to be achieved. …” “(v) Selecting an alternative: This is the real point of decision making. The best plan has to be adopted and implemented. The ideal plan, of course, would be the most feasible, profitable and with least negative consequences.” |