What catalyzed India's shift towards a more pro-US foreign policy after the 1990s?

Economic considerations and global changes

The 1977 Janata Party government, upon assuming power, pledged genuine non-alignment, signifying a shift away from the pro-Soviet foreign policy inclination. Subsequently, successive governments, regardless of their political affiliation, embarked on endeavors to improve relations with China and establish close ties with the United States. India's foreign policy is intrinsically associated with its stance towards Pakistan and its relations with the US in popular perception. Post-1990, criticism emerged for perceived pro-US foreign policies. Changing global dynamics and Russia's diminished global stature prompted India to adopt a more pro-US approach. Economic considerations have increasingly shaped foreign policy decisions. Amid ongoing efforts to ease Indo-Pakistan relations, progress has been made through cultural exchanges, citizen mobility, and economic collaboration, exemplified by train and bus services between the nations. Despite challenges, such as the 1999 near-war situation, negotiations persist towards lasting peace.