Match List - I with List - II.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)

The correct answer is Option (3) → (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)

A. Propagation of thousands of plants in very short duration through tissue culture is called micropropagation. Each of these plants will be genetically identical to the original plant i.e., they are somaclones.

B. Plant tissue culture is based on the special property of plant cells to generate a whole plant, called totipotency. Totipotent stem cells in plants are cells that can develop into any type of cell in the plant, including all organs and tissues. The plant part used in tissue culture is called explant. The nutrient medium provides a carbon sources such as sucrose, inorganic salts, vitamins, amino acids and growth regulators like auxins cytokinins etc.

C. Another important application is the recovery of healthy plants from diseased plants. Although the plant is infected with a virus, the meristem (apical and axillary) is free of virus. Hence, one can remove the meristem and grow it in vitro to obtain virus-free plants. Scientists have succeeded in culturing meristems of banana, sugarcane, potato, etc.

D. Somatic hybridisation: Isolated protoplasts from two different varieties of plants – each having a desirable character – can be fused to get hybrid protoplasts, which can be further grown to form a new plant. These hybrids are called somatic hybrids while the process is called somatic hybridisation. When a protoplast of tomato is fused with that of potato, and then they are grown – to form new hybrid plants combining tomato and potato characteristics – resulting in formation of pomato.