The Harappan civilization stands out for its remarkable development of urban centers, with Mohenjodaro being one of the most prominent sites. Although Mohenjodaro is widely known, the first discovered site was Harappa.
The settlement of Mohenjodaro is divided into two distinct sections: the Citadel and the Lower Town. The Citadel, smaller in size but elevated, features buildings constructed on mud brick platforms. It was fortified by walls, creating a physical separation from the Lower Town.
Similarly, the Lower Town was also enclosed by walls. Numerous buildings in this area were erected on platforms, serving as sturdy foundations. Archaeological calculations suggest that the construction of these foundations alone would have required a massive mobilization of labor, estimating around four million person-days if each laborer moved approximately one cubic meter of earth daily.
Moreover, an interesting aspect to note is that once the platforms were established, all subsequent building activities were limited to specific areas on these platforms. This indicates a systematic and planned approach to the settlement's layout and construction. Another sign of planning is the use of standardized bricks throughout Harappan settlements. Whether sun-dried or baked, the bricks followed a consistent ratio, with the length being four times the height and the breadth being twice the height.
This adherence to standardized brick dimensions was a characteristic feature found across various Harappan settlements, showcasing a meticulous approach to construction practices.
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