Match List-I with List-II:
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| (A) Government employs people in its departments | (I) Indirect generation of employment |
| (B) Private firms buying steel from a government steel company raise output | (II) Guaranteed wage employment for 100 days to rural households |
| (C) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 | (III) Direct generation of employment |
| (D) Employment generation programmes | (IV) Aim at alleviating poverty and also provide services such as rural roads |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(II), (D)-(IV)
The government creates jobs directly, by employing people itself, and indirectly, when its output helps private firms grow.
| List-I | List-II | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| (A) Government employs people in its departments | (III) Direct generation of employment | The government is itself the employer. |
| (B) Private firms buying steel from a government steel company raise output | (I) Indirect generation of employment | The jobs arise in private firms, because of the government firm’s output. |
| (C) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 | (II) Guaranteed wage employment for 100 days to rural households | For rural households who volunteer for unskilled manual work. |
| (D) Employment generation programmes | (IV) Aim at alleviating poverty and also provide services such as rural roads | They fight poverty by giving work, and also build services. |
NCERT (2026-27): “6.9 Government and Employment Generation You may recall about the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005. It promises 100 days of guaranteed wage employment to all rural households who volunteer to do unskilled manual work. The scheme based on this Act is one of the many measures the government has implemented to generate employment for those who are in need of jobs in rural areas. Since Independence, the Union and State governments have played an important role in generating employment or creating opportunities for employment generation. Their efforts can be broadly categorised into two — direct and indirect. In the first category, as you have seen in the preceding section, the government employs people in various departments for administrative purposes. It also runs industries, hotels and transport companies, and hence, provides employment directly to workers. When the output of goods and services from government enterprises increases, then private enterprises which receive raw materials from government enterprises will also raise their output and hence increase the number of employment opportunities in the economy. For example, when a government owned steel company increases its output, it will result in direct increase in employment in that government company. Simultaneously, private companies, which purchase steel from it, will also increase their output and thus employment. This is the indirect generation of employment opportunities by the government initiatives in the economy. …” “… Many programmes that the governments implement, aimed at alleviating poverty, are through employment generation. …” |