Match List-I with List-II

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)

The correct answer is Option (1) → (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)

A. Specific Bt toxin genes were isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis and incorporated into the several crop plants such as cotton . The choice of genes depends upon the crop and the targeted pest, as most Bt toxins are insect-group specific. The toxin is coded by a gene cryIAc named cry. There are a number of them, for example, the proteins encoded by the genes cryIAc and cryIIAb control the cotton bollworms, that of cryIAb controls corn borer.

B. RNA interference (RNAi) takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defense. This method involves silencing of a specific mRNA due to the complementary dsRNA molecule that binds to and prevents translation of the mRNA. The source of this complementary RNA could be from an infection by viruses having RNA genomes that replicate via an RNA intermediate.

C. The Green Revolution successfully increased food production by threefold, but it still couldn't meet the demand of the growing human population. The increased yields were primarily attributed to the use of improved crop varieties, better management practices, and the application of agrochemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides. The Green Revolution succeeded in tripling the food supply but yet it was not enough to feed the growing human population. Increased yields have partly been due to the use of improved crop varieties, but mainly due to the use of better management practices and use of agrochemicals (fertilisers and pesticides). However, for farmers in the developing world, agrochemicals are often too expensive, and further increases in yield with existing varieties are not possible using conventional breeding.

D. In 1990, the first clinical gene therapy was administered to a 4-year-old girl who had adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency, a condition essential for the proper functioning of the immune system. This deficiency arises due to the deletion of the gene responsible for producing ADA. While bone marrow transplantation and enzyme replacement therapy can partially address ADA deficiency in some cases, they are not fully curative.