During independence about 75 percent of the population was dependent on agriculture. The introduction of Green Revolution helped in the production of food grains with high yielding variety of seeds specially for wheat and rice. The use of seeds required the use of fertilisers and pesticides with regular supply of water. As a result in the first phase of green revolution, the use of  HYV seeds was restricted to states like Punjab, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu. The use of HYV seeds primarily benefited the wheat growing regions only. The spread of Green Revolution technology enabled India to achieve self sufficiency in food grains. As a result price of food grains declined. The green revolution benefited the small farmers as well as the rich farmers but since the small farmers were not able to obtain the required inputs, so they were always at risk.

Which is not achievement of Green Revolution ?

Promotion of rich farmers

The correct answer is option (3) : Promotion of rich farmer

The promotion of rich farmers is seen more as a consequence or criticism of the Green Revolution, as it tended to benefit wealthier farmers more than poorer ones. Wealthier farmers had better access to the new technologies, high-yielding variety seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation facilities promoted by the Green Revolution. This led to an increase in income inequality, as poorer farmers often could not afford these new technologies and thus did not benefit as much.

• Marketed Surplus:: The Green Revolution led to a significant increase in agricultural production, particularly of staple crops like wheat and rice. This increase resulted in a surplus of these crops, which could then be sold in the market. Farmers were able to produce more than what they needed for their own consumption, allowing them to sell the excess, thereby increasing their income and contributing to the economy.

• Self-Sufficiency: : One of the main goals of the Green Revolution was to make countries, especially developing ones like India, self-sufficient in food production. By increasing crop yields and production efficiency, countries were able to reduce their dependence on food imports and ensure a stable supply of food for their populations.

• Buffer Stock: The increased production from the Green Revolution allowed governments to build buffer stocks of food grains. These reserves could be used in times of poor harvests or natural disasters to stabilize food supply and prices, ensuring food security for the population. Buffer stocks help prevent shortages and provide a safety net against food crises.