Which of the following given statements are not correct?
I. Every sexually transmitted disease can be entirely cured.
II. Surgical methods, known as sterilisation, prevent the release of gametes into reproductive fluids.
III. A legal prohibition has been placed on amniocentesis due to its frequent misuse.
IV. Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) is considered relatively safe up to 20 weeks of gestation.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → I and IV
The question asks for the statements that are not correct.
I. Every sexually transmitted disease can be entirely cured. — False. Most STIs are completely curable if they are found early and treated properly, but hepatitis-B, genital herpes and HIV infections are not. So this statement is not correct.
II. Surgical methods, known as sterilisation, prevent the release of gametes into reproductive fluids. — True. Sterilisation (vasectomy in males, tubectomy in females) cuts or ties the vas deferens or the fallopian tube. This blocks gamete transport, so the gametes cannot meet.
III. A legal prohibition has been placed on amniocentesis due to its frequent misuse. — True. Amniocentesis was being misused to find the sex of the foetus, which led to female foeticide. There is a statutory ban on amniocentesis for sex-determination.
IV. Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) is considered relatively safe up to 20 weeks of gestation. — False. MTPs are relatively safe only in the first trimester, up to 12 weeks. Second-trimester abortions carry much more risk.
NCERT Extract:
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) – “… Except for hepatitis-B, genital herpes and HIV infections, other diseases are completely curable if detected early and treated properly.”
Population Stabilisation and Birth Control – “… Surgical intervention blocks gamete transport and thereby prevent conception.”
Reproductive Health – Problems and Strategies – “… Statutory ban on amniocentesis for sex-determination to legally check increasing menace of female foeticides, massive child immunisation, etc., are some programmes that merit mention in this connection.”
Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) – “… MTPs are considered relatively safe during the first trimester, i.e., upto 12 weeks of pregnancy. Second trimester abortions are much more riskier.”