In the definition that sees leadership as both a process and a property, leadership as a property is:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → the set of qualities or characteristics attributed to those who are seen to use such influence successfully
Option (1) the use of noncoercive influence to direct and coordinate the activities of an organised group — Incorrect. This is the process side of the same definition: the use of non-coercive influence to direct and coordinate the members of a group.
Option (2) a set of interpersonal behaviours designed to influence employees to cooperate in achieving objectives — Incorrect. This is Glueck’s definition of leadership. It sees leadership as a set of interpersonal behaviours.
Option (3) the set of qualities or characteristics attributed to those who are seen to use such influence successfully — Correct. Gay and Strake see leadership as both a process and a property. As a property, it is the set of qualities or characteristics given to those who are seen to use such influence successfully.
Option (4) the activity of influencing people to strive willingly for group objectives — Incorrect. This is George Terry’s definition of leadership. It sees leadership as an activity of influencing people.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition):
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