Which states in India have Total Fertility Rates (TFR) more than Replacement level?
(A) Bihar and Madhya Pradesh
(B) Kerala and West Bengal
(C) Tamil Nadu and Punjab
(D) Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → (A) and (D) only
(A) Bihar and Madhya Pradesh Correct. These are among the states that still have very high TFRs: 3.3 for Bihar and 2.8 for Madhya Pradesh in 2016.
(B) Kerala and West Bengal Incorrect. West Bengal has brought its TFR down to 1.7, which is below the replacement level, and Kerala’s TFR is also below the replacement level.
(C) Tamil Nadu and Punjab Incorrect. Both have brought their TFR down to 1.7, below the replacement level.
(D) Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh Correct. Rajasthan (2.7) and Uttar Pradesh (3.1) are with Bihar and Madhya Pradesh among the states with very high TFRs, above the replacement level.
NCERT (2025-26): “2.2 Size and Growth of India’s Population … Some states, like Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal have managed to bring down their total fertility rates (TFR) to 1.7 each (2016). This means that the average woman in these states produces only 1.7 children, which is below the ‘replacement level’ and Kerala’s TFR is also below the replacement level, which means that the population is going to decline in future. But there are some states, notably Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh, which still have very high TFRs. In 2016, the TFRs of these states were 3.3, 2.8, 2.7 and 3.1, respectively.…” |