Steps involved in the treatment of a psychological disorder in psychoanalytical therapy session follow :
(A) Working through
(B) Rapport formation
(C) Termination
(D) Transference, confrontation
(E) Insight
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → (B), (D), (A), (E), (C)
Psychoanalysis passes through three stages: an initial phase, a long middle phase and a termination phase.
(B) Rapport formation — in the initial phase the client becomes familiar with the routines and establishes a therapeutic relationship with the analyst.
(D) Transference, confrontation — the middle phase is characterised by transference and resistance on the client’s part, and confrontation and clarification on the therapist’s part. In transference the client identifies the therapist with authority figures of the past; in confrontation the therapist points out an aspect of the client’s psyche that must be faced.
(A) Working through — the repeated process of using confrontation, clarification and interpretation is known as working through. It helps the client understand herself or himself and the source of the problem.
(E) Insight — the outcome of working through is insight, a gradual new understanding of oneself at an intellectual and emotional level. Insight is the end point of therapy.
(C) Termination — in the last phase the relationship with the analyst is dissolved and the client prepares to leave the therapy.
Note: The three stages of psychoanalytic treatment, with transference, confrontation and working through, were there in the chapter ‘Therapeutic Approaches’ of the pre-rationalised NCERT, which NTA followed in 2023, and are not there in the NCERT book (2025-26), which keeps only emotional insight as the chief benefit of psychodynamic therapy.
NCERT (2025-26): “Types of Therapies … Psychodynamic therapy values emotional insight as the important benefit that the client derives from the treatment. Emotional insight is present when the client understands her/his conflicts intellectually; is able to accept the same emotionally; and is able to change her/his emotions towards the conflicts.…” NCERT (Pre-rationalised): “Modality of Treatment … The repeated process of using confrontation, clarification, and interpretation is known as working through. Working through helps the patient to understand herself/himself and the source of the problem and to integrate the uncovered material into her/his ego. The outcome of working through is insight.…” “Duration of Treatment … Psychoanalysis lasts for several years, with one hour session for 4–5 days per week. It is an intense treatment. There are three stages in the treatment. Stage one is the initial phase. The client becomes familiar with the routines, establishes a therapeutic relationship with the analyst, and gets some relief with the process of recollecting the superficial materials from the consciousness about the past and present troublesome events. Stage two is the middle phase, which is a long process. It is characterised by transference, resistance on the part of the client, and confrontation and clarification, i.e. working through on the therapist’s part. All these processes finally lead to insight. The third phase is the termination phase wherein the relationship with the analyst is dissolved and the client prepares to leave the therapy.…” |