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Chloroform is more acidic than fluoroform due to |
electronegativity of fluorine is more than chlorine size of chlorine atom is more than that fluorine atom fluorine is a second-period element having only s and p-subshells whereas chlorine is a third-period element having s, p, and d-subshells in which the d-subshell is vacant CF3 is less stable than CCl3 due to the vacant d-orbital on the chlorine atom |
CF3 is less stable than CCl3 due to the vacant d-orbital on the chlorine atom |
The answer is (4) CF3 is less stable than CCl3 due to the vacant d-orbital on the chlorine atom. The acidity of a compound depends on the stability of the conjugate base. The more stable the conjugate base, the more acidic the compound. In the case of chloroform and fluoroform, the conjugate bases are CCl3- and CF3-, respectively. CCl3- is more stable than CF3- because the vacant d-orbital on chlorine can stabilize the negative charge. Therefore, chloroform is more acidic than fluoroform. The other options are incorrect. Option (1) the electronegativity of fluorine is more than chlorine, is true, but it does not explain why chloroform is more acidic than fluoroform. Option (2) the size of the chlorine atom is more than that fluorine atom, is also true, but it does not explain why chloroform is more acidic than fluoroform. Option (3) fluorine is a second-period element having only s and p-subshells whereas chlorine is a third-period element having s, p, and d-subshells in which the d-subshell is vacant, is not relevant to the acidity of the compounds. |