The correct answer is Option 1 - (A)- II, (B)- I, (C)- IV, (D)- III
The correct Match is:
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List- 1 (Year)
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List- 2 (Political incident)
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(A) 1941
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(II) The Communist Party of India stopped working under Congress
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(B) 1948
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(I) Congress no longer allowed dual membership
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(C) 1955
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(IV) Congress declared its goal as a socialist pattern of society. |
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(D) 1964
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(III) Split in CPI due to ideological differences between the Soviet Union & China.
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Explanation:
The CPI was formed on 26 December 1925 at the First Party Conference in Cawnpore (Kanpur). From 1935, the Communists primarily worked within the Indian National Congress. A split occurred in December 1941 when the Communists decided to support the British in their war against Nazi Germany.
In 1934, a group of young leaders formed the Congress Socialist Party (CSP) within the Congress, seeking a more radical and egalitarian approach. In 1948, Congress amended its constitution, not allowing its members to have dual membership, forcing the Socialists to form a separate Socialist Party.
The Socialists faced a dilemma when Congress declared its goal as a socialist pattern of society in 1955 (Avadi Resolution), making it difficult to present themselves as a distinct alternative. Some Socialists, led by Rammanohar Lohia, distanced themselves from and criticized the Congress, while others, like Asoka Mehta, advocated limited cooperation with the Congress.
The CPI had a significant split in 1964 due to ideological differences between the Soviet Union & China. The pro-Soviet faction remained as the CPI, while the opponents formed the Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)). Both parties continue to exist today. |
