Read the passage carefully and answer the questions.
Carbohydrates are naturally formed organic compounds from various plants. The common chemical formula, \( (C_x(H_2O)_y) \) was considered as hydrates of carbon to derive the various carbohydrates. For instance, the general formula for glucose \( (C_6H_{12}O_6) \) easily fits into the above formula. Carbohydrates also called saccharides are classified on the basis of their behavior towards hydrolysis. Monosaccharides cannot be hydrolyzed further to simpler units of polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketones. About 20 monosaccharides are known to occur in nature. Carbohydrates that yield large number of monosaccharide units are called polysacccharides. Amino acids contain \( (-NH_2) \) and \( (-COOH) \), which can be classified in various forms. Proteins are polymers of alpha amino acids which are connected to each other by a peptide bond or peptide linkage. When a native protein is subjected to physical change, its globules unfold and helix get uncoiled and the protein loses its biological activity. The protein is said to be denaturated.
Sucrose on hydrolysis gives
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → Dextrorotatory Glucose and Laevorotatory Fructose
Sucrose is a non-reducing disaccharide of glucose and fructose. On hydrolysis with dilute acid or the enzyme invertase it gives an equimolar mixture of D-(+)-glucose and D-(−)-fructose:
\( \displaystyle \underset{\text{sucrose}}{\ce{C12H22O11}} + \ce{H2O} \xrightarrow{\ce{H+}} \underset{\text{D-(+)-glucose}}{\ce{C6H12O6}} + \underset{\text{D-(}-\text{)-fructose}}{\ce{C6H12O6}} \)
The sign in brackets gives the direction of rotation of plane polarised light: (+) for dextrorotatory and (−) for laevorotatory.
So sucrose gives dextrorotatory glucose and laevorotatory fructose.
Why the other options are incorrect
Option (2) Laevorotatory Glucose and Laevorotatory Fructose — Incorrect. The glucose formed is D-(+)-glucose, which is dextrorotatory.
Option (3) Laevorotatory Glucose and Dextrorotatory Fructose — Incorrect. Both signs are reversed; glucose is dextrorotatory and fructose laevorotatory.
Option (4) Dextrorotatory Glucose and Dextrorotatory Fructose — Incorrect. Fructose is laevorotatory; if both products were dextrorotatory, the sign of rotation would not be inverted.
NCERT (2026-27 edition):
Disaccharides – …
Note: The same/similar question has been asked in different years by NTA as per the details given below:
| 2026 | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| – | 26-05 S2 14-05 S2 14-05 S1 | – | – | – |