What is the process of converting carbonate ores into oxides by heating strongly in limited air known as? 

Calcination 

The correct answer is option 2. Calcination.

The process of converting carbonate ores into oxides by heating strongly in limited air is known as calcination. During calcination, the carbonate ore is heated strongly in a limited air or oxygen supply, typically in the absence of air or with a restricted airflow. This heating process causes the carbonate ore to decompose, releasing carbon dioxide gas \((CO_2)\) and leaving behind the corresponding metal oxide. So, the correct answer is Calcination