Read the passage and answer the question:

The task of nation-building extended beyond the Partition and integration of Princely States, as the challenge now shifted to delineating internal boundaries within India. It was crucial to draw these boundaries in a manner that acknowledged the linguistic and cultural diversity of the country without compromising its unity. The national movement had firmly rejected such divisions as artificial and had instead pledged to adopt the linguistic principle as the foundation for state formation. This principle gained recognition as the basis for reorganizing not only the Indian National Congress party but also the broader movement for independence, following the Nagpur session in 1920. However, this decision made by the national leadership faced opposition from local leaders and the people. Protests erupted in the Telugu-speaking regions of the former Madras province, encompassing present-day Tamil Nadu, parts of Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, and Karnataka.

Which state was first established after the independence of India on the basis of language?

Andhra

The correct answer is Option 2 - Andhra

Andhra was the first Indian state formed based on language.

The Vishalandhra movement:

The Vishalandhra movement (as the movement for a separate Andhra was called) demanded that the Telugu speaking areas should be separated from the Madras province of which they were a part and be made into a separate Andhra province. Nearly all the political forces in the Andhra region were in favour of linguistic reorganisation of the then Madras province. The movement gathered momentum as a result of the Central government’s vacillation. Potti Sriramulu, a Congress leader and a veteran Gandhian, went on an indefinite fast that led to his death after 56 days. This caused great unrest and resulted in violent outbursts in Andhra region. People in large numbers took to the streets. Many were injured or lost their lives in police firing. In Madras, several legislators resigned their seats in protest. Finally, the Prime Minister announced the formation of a separate Andhra state in December 1952. The formation of Andhra spurred the struggle for making of other states on linguistic lines in other parts of the country. These struggles forced the Central Government into appointing a States Reorganisation Commission in 1953 to look into the question of redrawing of the boundaries of states. The Commission in its report accepted that the boundaries of the state should reflect the boundaries of different languages. On the basis of its report the States Reorganisation Act was passed in 1956. This led to the creation of 14 states and six union territories.