Match List-I (term) with List-II (meaning):
| List-I | List-II | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (A) | Ceteris paribus | (I) | Planned value of a variable |
| (B) | Ex ante | (II) | Other things remaining equal |
| (C) | Ex post | (III) | Given or exogenous, that is, not depending on income |
| (D) | Autonomous (as in autonomous investment) | (IV) | Actual or realised value of a variable |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
The model studies one variable at a time, and it keeps planned values apart from actual ones.
| List-I | List-II | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| (A) Ceteris paribus | (II) Other things remaining equal | To study one variable, all others are held constant: other things remaining equal. |
| (B) Ex ante | (I) Planned value of a variable | Ex ante means planned. |
| (C) Ex post | (IV) Actual or realised value of a variable | Ex post means actual. |
| (D) Autonomous (as in autonomous investment) | (III) Given or exogenous, that is, not depending on income | Autonomous investment is given from outside and does not depend on income. |
NCERT (2026-27): “… It is difficult to account for all the variables at the same time. Thus, when we concentrate on the determination of a particular variable, we must hold the values of all other variables constant. This is a stylisation typical of almost any theoretical exercise and is called the assumption of ceteris paribus, which literally means ‘other things remaining equal’.” “4.1.2 Investment … Investment decisions by producers, such as whether to buy a new machine, depend, to a large extent, on the market rate of interest. However, for simplicity, we assume here that firms plan to invest the same amount every year. We can write the ex ante investment demand as I = Ī where Ī is a positive constant which represents the autonomous (given or exogenous) investment in the economy in a given year.” “Glossary Ex ante The planned value of a variable as opposed to its actual value. Ex post The actual or realised value of a variable as opposed to its planned value.” |