From the following statements, choose the incorrect statement regarding the 'Santhals'. |
The Santhals settled in the foothills of Rajmahal. Land given to the Santhals was demarcated as 'Damin-i-Koh'. The Santhals practiced shifting agriculture. The Santhals cleared the forest and became ideal settlers. |
The Santhals practiced shifting agriculture. |
The correct answer is Option (3) → The Santhals practiced shifting agriculture. The Santhals did not practice shifting cultivation. They practised settled agriculture. The Santhals were given land and persuaded to settle in the foothills of Rajmahal. By 1832 a large area of land was demarcated as Damin-i-Koh. This was declared to be the land of the Santhals. They were to live within it, practise plough agriculture, and become settled peasants. The land grant to the Santhals stipulated that at least one-tenth of the area was to be cleared and cultivated within the first ten years. The Santhals gave up their earlier life of mobility and settled down, cultivating a range of commercial crops for the market, and dealing with traders and moneylenders. The Santhals, however, soon found that the land they had brought under cultivation was slipping away from their hands. The state was levying heavy taxes on the land that the Santhals had cleared, moneylenders (dikus) were charging them high rates of interest and taking over the land when debts remained unpaid, and zamindars were asserting control over the Damin area. |