Read the given passage and answer the four questions that follow:-
Over the past few decades, India has undergone a significant economic transformation, emerging as one of the world's fastest growing major economies. This shift began in the early 1990s with economic liberalisation policies that reduced trade barriers, deregulated industries and encouraged foreign investment. These reforms spurred rapid growth, leading to a substantial reduction in poverty and the rise of a sizable middle class.
The technology sector, particularly information technology (IT) and software services, has been a cornerstone of this growth. Cities like Bengaluru, Hyderabad and Pune have become global IT hubs, hosting numerous multinational corporations and startups. This boom has not only created millions of jobs but also positioned India as a leader in the global digital economy.
Infrastructure development has also played a crucial role. The expansion of road networks, modernisations of ports and development of airports have improved connectivity within the country and with the global market. Initiatives like the Goods and Services Tax (GST) have streamlined the taxation system, fostering a more unified national market.
However, challenges remain. Income inequality persists with a significant portion of the population still lacking access to quality healthcare, education, and sanitation. The agricultural sector, which employs a large segment of the workforce, faces issues such as low productivity and vulnerability to climate change.
Looking ahead, India's focus is on sustainable development, leveraging renewable energy sources and fostering innovation. With a young and dynamic population, the country aims to balance economic growth with social equity, ensuring that the benefits of progress reach all its citizens.
The primary objective of India's future economic strategy is _____.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → focusing on sustainable development and innovation
The last paragraph begins "Looking ahead", and says that India's focus is on sustainable development, using renewable energy sources and fostering innovation. This is the objective of the future strategy.
Why the Other Options are Incorrect?
Option 1: expanding military industries and modernising them — Incorrect. Not mentioned: the passage says nothing about military industries.
Option 2: reducing dependency on foreign trade — Incorrect. Contradicted: the passage praises reforms that reduced trade barriers and links India more closely with the global market; it says nothing about depending less on trade.
Option 4: prioritising urban development over rural areas — Incorrect. Contradicted: the passage says the country wants the benefits of progress to reach all its citizens; favouring cities over villages goes against this.