Match list I with list II

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(III)

Packaging: The act of designing and producing the container or wrapper of a product is referred as packaging. There can be three different levels of packaging viz., Primary package, Secondary packaged, Transport package. Packaging performs a number of functions in the marketing of goods. Some of the important functions, include Product identification; Product protection; Facilitating the use of the product and Promotion of goods and services.

Labelling: A simple looking but important task in the marketing of goods relates to designing the label to be put on the package. The label may vary from a simple tag attached to the product to complex graphics that are part of the package. The most important functions of labels include i) describing the product ii) help in identifying the product or brand; iii) help in grading the products into different categories; and aids in promotion of the products.

Advertising is the most commonly used tool of promotion. It is an impersonal form of communication, which is paid for by the marketers (Sponsors) to promote some goods or service. The most common Objections to Advertising are that it (i) adds to cost; (ii) undermines social Values; (iii) confuses the buyers; and (iv) encourages sale of Inferior Products. Most of the criticisms against advertising are not fully true. Advertising is therefore considered an essential function of marketing.

Branding: A very important decision area for marketing of most consumer products is whether to sell the product in its generic name (name of the category of the product, say Fan, Pen, etc.) or to sell them in a brand name. Brand name helps in creating product differentiation, i.e., providing basis for distinguishing the product of a firm with that of the competitor, which in turn, helps in building customer’s loyality and in promoting its sale. The important decision areas in respect of branding include deciding the branding strategy, say whether each product will be given a separate brand name or the same brand name will be extended to all products of the company. Selection of the brand name plays an important role in the success of a product.