How were state boundaries drawn during colonial rule?

All of the above

Following the partition and integration of Princely States, the focus shifted to defining the internal boundaries of Indian states.
The challenge was to establish boundaries that would reflect the linguistic and cultural diversity of the nation while maintaining its unity.
Under colonial rule, state boundaries were determined based on administrative convenience or coincided with territories controlled by the British or princely powers.
The national movement rejected these divisions as artificial and advocated for the linguistic principle as the basis for state formation.