People may damage a bus and attack its driver when the bus has ran over a child. This is an isolated incident of protest. Since it flares up and dies down it is not a social movement. A social movement requires sustained collective action over time. Such action is often directed against the state and takes the form of demanding changes in state policy or practice. Spontaneous, disorganised protest cannot be called a social movement either. Collective action must be marked by some degree of organisation. This organisation may include a leadership and a structure that defines how members relate to each other, make decisions and carry them out. Those participating in a social movement also have shared objectives and ideologies. A social movement has a general orientation or way of approaching to bring about (or to prevent) change. These defining features are not constant. They may change over the course of a social movement's life. Social movements often arise with the aim of bringing about changes on a public issue, such as ensuring the right of the tribal population to use the forests or to the right of displaced people to settlement and compensation. Think of other issues that social movement have taken up in the past and and present. While social movement seek to bring in social change, counter movements sometimes arise in defense of status quo.

Read the passage above and answer the following questions.

Social movements are directed towards some ________.

Specific goals

The correct answer is Option (4) → Specific goals

Social movements are typically directed towards specific goals. These goals are often related to addressing particular issues or injustices within society, such as advocating for policy changes, promoting certain rights, or challenging existing norms. While the goals of social movements may evolve over time, they are generally focused and specific rather than ambiguous.