Read the passage carefully and answer the questions based on the passage:

Globalisation as a concept fundamentally deals with flows. The crucial element is the 'worldwide interconnectedness' that is created and sustained as a consequence of these constant flows.

Globalisation is a multi-dimensional concept. It has political, economic and cultural manifestations, and these must be adequately distinguished. It is wrong to assume that globalization has purely economic dimensions, just as it would also be mistaken to assume that it is a purely cultural phenomenon. The impact of globalization is vastly uneven- it affects some societies more than others and some parts of some societies more than others.

In 1991, responding to a financial crisis and to the desire for higher rates of economic growth, India embarked on a programme of economic reforms that has sought increasingly to de-regulate various sectors including trade and foreign investment.

However, it should be noted that globalisation is a very contentious subject and has invited strong criticism all over the globe.

Given below are two statements:

Statement (I): Globalisation may lead to rise of a uniform culture or what is called cultural homogenisation.
Statement (II): While cultural homogenisation is an aspect of globalisation, the same process also generates precisely the opposite effect. It leads to each culture becoming more different and distinctive. This phenomenon is called cultural heterogenisation.

In light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are true.

The correct answer is Option (1) → Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are true.

• Statement (I) True → Globalisation can lead to cultural homogenisation, where local cultures adopt similar traits (e.g., global spread of fast food, music, fashion), creating a sense of uniform culture.

• Statement (II) True → At the same time, globalisation also produces the opposite effect, called cultural heterogenisation, where local cultures reassert their uniqueness, often blending global influences with local traditions to become more distinctive.