Identify which of the following combinations are correct for 'Off the job' methods of training.
A. Internship, Apprenticeship
B. Computer modelling, Programmed Instructions
C. Case study, Coaching
D. Programmed instructions, Job rotation
E. Films, Conferences
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → B and E only
Off-the-job methods are used away from the workplace (learning before doing). On-the-job methods are used at the workplace while the employee is working (learning while doing). A pair is correct only if both methods in it are off-the-job. The off-the-job methods are: class room lectures/conferences, films, case study, computer modelling, vestibule training and programmed instruction. The on-the-job methods are: apprenticeship, coaching, internship training and job rotation.
A. Internship, Apprenticeship — Incorrect. Both are on-the-job methods.
B. Computer modelling, Programmed Instructions — Correct. Both are off-the-job methods. Computer modelling copies the work setting on a computer. Programmed instruction breaks learning into small units arranged from simple to complex.
C. Case study, Coaching — Incorrect. Case study is off-the-job, but coaching is on-the-job: the superior guides the trainee at work.
D. Programmed instructions, Job rotation — Incorrect. Programmed instruction is off-the-job, but job rotation is on-the-job: the trainee moves from one department or job to another.
E. Films, Conferences — Correct. Both are off-the-job methods. Films show skills; conferences (class room lectures) pass on rules, procedures or methods.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Training Methods There are various methods of training. These are broadly categorised into two groups: On-the-Job and Off-the-Job methods. On-the-Job methods refer to the methods that are applied to the workplace, while the employee is actually working. Off-the-Job methods are used away from the work place. …” “Class Room Lectures/Conferences: The lecture or conference approach is well adapted to conveying specific information-rules, procedures or methods. …” “Films: They can provide information and explicitly demonstrate skills that are not easily represented by the other techniques. …” “Case Study: Taken from actual experiences of organisations, cases represent attempts to describe, as accurately as possible real problems that managers have faced. …” “Computer Modelling: It simulates the work environment by programming a computer to imitate some of the realities of the job and allows learning to take place without the risk or high costs that would be incurred if a mistake were made in real life situation.” “Programmed Instruction: This method incorporates a prearranged and proposed acquisition of some specific skills or general knowledge. …” “Apprenticeship Programmes: Apprenticeship programmes put the trainee under the guidance of a master worker. …” “Coaching: In this method, the superior guides and instructs the trainee as a coach. …” “Internship Training: It is a joint programme of training in which educational institutions and business firms cooperate. …” “Job Rotation: This kind of training involves shifting the trainee from one department to another or from one job to another. …” |