Select the correct statements regarding menstrual cycle in human female :

(A) The first menstruation begins at puberty and is called menopause.

(B) The ovulation takes place in the middle of cycle (about 14^th day), when the level of progesterone is at maximum level.

(C) In absence of fertilisation, the corpus luteum degenerates which causes the disintegration of endometrium leading to menstruation.

(D) In human beings, menstrual cycle ceases around 50 years of age.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(C) and (D) only

The correct answer is Option (4) : (C) and (D) only

A. The reproductive cycle in the female primates (e.g. monkeys, apes and human beings) is called menstrual cycle. The first menstruation begins at puberty and is called menarche.

B. Both LH and FSH attain a peak level in the middle of cycle (about 14th day). Rapid secretion of LH leading to its maximum level during the mid-cycle called LH surge induces rupture of Graafian follicle and thereby the release of ovum (ovulation). The ovulation (ovulatory phase) is followed by the luteal phase during which the remaining parts of the Graafian follicle transform as the corpus luteum. The corpus luteum secretes large amounts of progesterone which is essential for maintenance of the endometrium. Such an endometrium is necessary for implantation of the fertilised ovum and other events of pregnancy.

C. In the absence of fertilisation, the corpus luteum degenerates. This causes disintegration of the endometrium leading to menstruation, marking a new cycle.

D. In human beings, menstrual cycles ceases around 50 years of age; that is termed as menopause. Cyclic menstruation is an indicator of normal reproductive phase and extends between menarche and menopause