Select the correct statements regarding menstrual cycle in human female :
(A) The first menstruation begins at puberty and is called menopause.
(B) The ovulation takes place in the middle of cycle (about 14th day), when the level of progesterone is at maximum level.
(C) In absence of fertilisation, the corpus luteum degenerates which causes the disintegration of endometrium leading to menstruation.
(D) In human beings, menstrual cycle ceases around 50 years of age.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → (C) and (D) only
(A) The first menstruation begins at puberty and is called menopause. — Incorrect. The first menstruation is menarche; menopause is the stopping of the cycles.
(B) The ovulation takes place in the middle of cycle (about 14th day), when the level of progesterone is at maximum level. — Incorrect. Ovulation is brought on by the LH surge, when LH (and FSH) reach their peak; progesterone is highest later, in the luteal phase.
(C) In absence of fertilisation, the corpus luteum degenerates which causes the disintegration of endometrium leading to menstruation. — Correct. Without the progesterone of the corpus luteum, the endometrium breaks down.
(D) In human beings, menstrual cycle ceases around 50 years of age. — Correct. The stopping of the menstrual cycle around 50 years of age is menopause; the cycles run from menarche to menopause.
NCERT Extract:
Menstrual Cycle – “… The first menstruation begins at puberty and is called menarche.”
“… Both LH and FSH attain a peak level in the middle of cycle (about 14th day). Rapid secretion of LH leading to its maximum level during the mid-cycle called LH surge induces rupture of Graafian follicle and thereby the release of ovum (ovulation).”
“… In the absence of fertilisation, the corpus luteum degenerates. This causes disintegration of the endometrium leading to menstruation, marking a new cycle. In human beings, menstrual cycles ceases around 50 years of age; that is termed as menopause. Cyclic menstruation is an indicator of normal reproductive phase and extends between menarche and menopause.”