Theoretically, the caste system can be understood as the combination of two sets of principles, one based on difference and separation and the other on wholism and hierarchy. Each caste is supposed to be different from – and is therefore strictly separated from – every other caste.

What is the inequality and the complementary nature of caste groups?

In the wholist perspective of caste analysis, castes are not just unequal. They are complementary groups which cannot be replaced with another. Complementary groups are always unequal . Indian society has complementary groups fighting for each other's space. All of the above

In the wholist perspective of caste analysis, castes are not just unequal. They are complementary groups which cannot be replaced with another.

Castes are not only unequal to each other in ritual terms, they are also supposed to be complementary and non-competing groups. In other words, each caste has its own place in the system which cannot be taken by any other caste.