Who gave the basic assumption of about his theory that personality consists of competing forces and structures within the individual (that must be balanced) rather than between the individual and the demands of society, or between the individual and reality?

Carl Jung

The correct answer is Option 4: Carl Jung

Carl Jung proposed that the personality is composed of competing forces and structures within the individual that must be balanced. He explicitly distinguished his approach from Freud’s by emphasizing these internal dynamics—such as the balance between consciousness and the unconscious, or between the different archetypes (like the Persona, Shadow, Anima/Animus, and Self)—rather than focusing primarily on the conflict between the individual and society or external reality.

NCERT- "Carl Jung: The basic assumption of his theory is that personality consists of competing forces and structures within the individual (that must be balanced) rather than between the individual and the demands of society, or between the individual and reality."