Arrange the early states/capitals from north to south:
(A) Taxila
(B) Kaushambi
(C) Indraprastha
(D) Ujjayini
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → (A), (C), (B), (D)
All four are capitals marked on the map of early states and their capitals.
(A) Taxila — the northernmost of the four, in Gandhara in the north-west.
(C) Indraprastha — further south, in the Kuru region.
(B) Kaushambi — further south again, in Vatsa, to the south-east of Indraprastha.
(D) Ujjayini — the southernmost of the four, in Avanti.
Tip: An order from north to south is read straight off the chapter map. When you revise, go over each map from top to bottom once and note where its places lie.
NCERT (2026-27): “2.1 The sixteen mahajanapadas … Early Buddhist and Jaina texts (see also Chapter 4) mention, amongst other things, sixteen states known as mahajanapadas. Although the lists vary, some names such as Vajji, Magadha, Koshala, Kuru, Panchala, Gandhara and Avanti occur frequently. Clearly, these were amongst the most important mahajanapadas. While most mahajanapadas were ruled by kings, some, known as ganas or sanghas, were oligarchies (p. 30), where power was shared by a number of men, often collectively called rajas. Both Mahavira and the Buddha (Chapter 4) belonged to such ganas. In some instances, as in the case of the Vajji sangha, the rajas probably controlled resources such as land collectively.…”
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