Rights of which of the following workers are not protected by the labour laws of our nation?

Both 1 and 3

The correct answer is Option 4: Both 1 and 3

Explanation:

• Self-employed workers are not typically covered by labor laws, as they work independently and do not have an employer-employee relationship.
• Informal workers often work in unregulated environments without formal contracts, so their rights are not adequately protected by labor laws.

Therefore, the rights of both self-employed and informal workers are generally not protected by labor laws.

"All the public sector establishments and those private sector establishments which employ 10 hired workers or more are called formal sector establishments and those who work in such establishments are formal sector workers. All other enterprises and workers working in those enterprises form the informal sector. Thus, informal sector includes millions of farmers, agricultural labourers, owners of small enterprises and people working in those enterprises as also the self-employed who do not have any hired workers. It also includes all nonfarm casual wage labourers who work for more than one employer such as construction workers and headload workers."