Read the given passage and answer the four questions that follow:-

The arts-be it music, dance, or painting-have enabled artists to express themselves freely across borders for eons. However, speaking a common language remains one of the easiest and most effective ways for people to communicate and understand one another. India has a cornucopia of regional languages and dialects, an integral part of each region's cultural heritage. No national language has ever been declared, and many regional languages are endangered or extinct due to inadequate documentation.

Nagaland, home to 19 languages and 16 tribes, exemplifies this linguistic richness. To preserve them, Nagaland University recently organized a convention focused on their documentation and promotion. Language, as a key element of culture, plays a pivotal role in shaping regional identities, as seen in the prevalence of Russian in Kazakhstan or English in India. While Indian English writers like Salman Rushdie have global recognition, regional languages remain vital for connecting with local heritage. The National Education Policy 2020 emphasizes the importance of learning one's mother tongue, which connects individuals to their roots and offers insights into local traditions. Languages like Pali, which preserve the teachings of Lord Buddha, and Sanskrit, the language of the Upanishads, offer invaluable cultural and spiritual wisdom. With languages such as Aka-Bo from the Andaman Islands disappearing, documenting these endangered tongues is crucial. The loss of such languages erases not only communication but entire histories. While technology, such as translation apps, helps bridge linguistic gaps, the onus remains on the people to protect, preserve, and promote this invaluable part of India's cultural heritage.

What is the main theme of the passage?

The importance of documenting and preserving languages

The correct answer is Option (2) → The importance of documenting and preserving languages

The entire passage is focused on the linguistic diversity of India (a "cornucopia of regional languages") and the threats they face ("endangered or extinct due to inadequate documentation"). The passage highlights efforts and reasons for conservation:

• Nagaland University's convention for documentation and promotion.

• The National Education Policy 2020 emphasizing the mother tongue to connect individuals to their roots.

• The fact that the loss of languages erases entire histories.

• The final concluding statement: "documenting these endangered tongues is crucial" and the onus remains on people to protect, preserve, and promote this heritage.