Sonalika and Kalyan sona are the examples of disease resistant high yielding varieties of:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Wheat
Option (3) Wheat — Correct. Sonalika and Kalyan Sona are high-yielding, disease-resistant semi-dwarf varieties of wheat, developed during the Green Revolution.
Note: This question is from Chapter 9, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, of the pre-rationalised NCERT book. This chapter is not in the present NCERT book (2026-27). The extract below is from the pre-rationalised edition.
NCERT Extract (Pre-rationalised edition, Chapter 9, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production):
What Is Plant Breeding? – “… Wheat and Rice: During the period 1960 to 2000, wheat production increased from 11 million tonnes to 75 million tonnes while rice production went up from 35 million tonnes to 89.5 million tonnes. This was due to the development of semi-dwarf varieties of wheat and rice. Nobel laureate Norman E. Borlaug, at International Centre for Wheat and Maize Improvement in Mexico, developed semi-dwarf wheat. In 1963, several varieties such as Sonalika and Kalyan Sona, which were high yielding and disease resistant, were introduced all over the wheat-growing belt of India.”