When a lead storage battery is recharged

A. \(Pb\) acts as cathode

B. \(PbO_2\) acts as anode

C. \(H_2SO_4\) is produced

D. 38% \(NH_4Cl\) is used as electrolyte

E. Lead storage cell has a longer life than nickel-cadmium cell

Choose the correct answer from the option given below:

C only

The correct answer is option 3. C only.

The net reaction for the recharge of a lead-acid (lead storage) battery is as follows:
\[ \text{2PbSO}_4 (s) + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} (l) \rightarrow \text{Pb} (s) + \text{PbO}_2 (s) + 2\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 (aq) \]
This reaction represents the conversion of lead sulfate (\(\text{PbSO}_4\)) at both the cathode and anode back into metallic lead (\(\text{Pb}\)) and lead dioxide (\(\text{PbO}_2\)), respectively, along with the production of sulfuric acid (\(\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4\)).

The electrolyte used in lead-acid batteries is typically a 38% sulfuric acid (\(\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4\)) solution.

Regarding the statement about the comparison between lead storage cells and nickel-cadmium cells:

"Nickel-cadmium cell has longer life than lead-storage cell" - This statement contradicts conventional knowledge. Nickel-cadmium (NiCd) batteries are known for having a shorter life cycle compared to lead-acid batteries. Lead-acid batteries are often used in applications where long life and reliability are crucial, such as in automotive batteries and uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems.

Therefore, based on conventional knowledge, the statement seems incorrect. The lead-acid battery is generally known for its longer life compared to nickel-cadmium cells.