The social reform movements which emerged in India in the 19th century arose to the challenges that colonial Indian society faced. You probably are familiar with what were termed social evils that plagued Indian society. The well-known issues are that of sati, child marriage, widow remarriage and caste discrimination.

While debating the issue of female education, Bal Gangadhar Tilak drew inspiration from which of the following?

The glory of the Aryan period.

The correct answer is Option 4: The glory of the Aryan period and culture.

NCERT: Jotiba Phule thus recalled the glory of preAryan age while others like Bal Gangadhar Tilak emphasised the glory of the Aryan period. In other words 19th century reform initiated a period of questioning, reinterpretations and both intellectual and social growth.