In free space, all components of the complete electromagnetic spectrum have the same
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → velocity
All electromagnetic waves, from radio waves to gamma rays, consist of oscillating electric and magnetic fields and travel in free space with the same speed
\( \displaystyle c = \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mu_0\varepsilon_0}} = 3\times10^{8}\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} \)
The different regions of the spectrum differ only in frequency and wavelength, with \( c = \nu\lambda \).
NCERT (2026-27):
Points to Ponder – “… The basic difference between various types of electromagnetic waves lies in their wavelengths or frequencies since all of them travel through vacuum with the same speed. Consequently, the waves differ considerably in their mode of interaction with matter.”