Match the concept in List I with its feature in List II
| LIST-I (Concept) | LIST-II (Feature) | ||
| A. | Authoritarianism | I. | The state or person does not favour one religion over others |
| B. | Communalism | II. | Producing commodities for market and earn profit |
| C. | Capitalism | III. | State has the power while people have no voice |
| D. | Secularism | IV. | Aggressive attitude towards one's own religion |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
(A) Authoritarianism — this matches (III) State has the power while people have no voice. An authoritarian state is the opposite of a democratic one: the people have no voice and those in power are not accountable to anyone.
(B) Communalism — this matches (IV) Aggressive attitude towards one’s own religion. In everyday language communalism refers to aggressive chauvinism based on religious identity, an attitude that sees one’s own group as the only worthy one.
(C) Capitalism — this matches (II) Producing commodities for market and earn profit. Capitalism is an economic system in which the means of production are privately owned and organised to accumulate profits within a market system.
(D) Secularism — this matches (I) The state or person does not favour one religion over others. A secular person or state is one that does not favour any particular religion over others; for the state it means equal respect for all religions.
NCERT (2025-26): “Communalism … In everyday language, the word ‘communalism’ refers to aggressive chauvinism based on religious identity. Chauvinism itself is an attitude that sees one’s own group as the only legitimate or worthy group, with other groups being seen – by definition – as inferior, illegitimate and opposed. Thus, to simplify further, communalism is an aggressive political ideology linked to religion.…” “6.4 State and Civil Society … An authoritarian state is the opposite of a democratic state. It is a state in which the people have no voice and those in power are not accountable to anyone.…” “Secularism … The Indian meanings of secular and secularism include the western sense but also involve others. The most common use of secular in everyday language is as the opposite of communal. So, a secular person or state is one that does not favour any particular religion over others.…” “1.1 Understanding Colonialism … This magnitude and depth of the structural changes that colonialism unleashed can be better grasped if we try and understand some basic features of capitalism. Capitalism is an economic system in which the means of production are privately owned and organised to accumulate profits within a market system.…” |